The release of the World Population Prospects (WPP) 2024 report by UNDESA has brought to light several interesting facts. By taking into consideration, a whole range of demographic evidence available from country wise population and housing censuses, information on birth and death rates (from civil registration and vital statistics) and from 3,190 surveys, the WPP 2024 Revision has estimated population trends on several important parameters for 237 countries and areas up to 2100 – worldwide and also country-specific.
The report explicitly states that ‘population growth, population ageing, urbanisation and international migration’ are four main pillars shaping the global demographic trend. Changes in the size and the structure of the population vary country-wise – which can be both a challenge as well as an opportunity for them. According to the WPP, 2024 report, predicting future population change (in short and medium terms) is much more stable – whereby the countries can initiate necessary steps to manage their population trajectories through suitable policy design as well as adhering to targets of 2030 Agenda of Sustainable Development Goals.
Key Population Trends: What Does the Projection Say
The world population is expected to continue to grow – from 8161.97 million in 2024 to its expected peak of 10283.08 million in 2080, post which it will start declining gradually reaching 10180.16 million by the end of the century. Considering the two most populous countries of the world – China and India – have already exchanged their rank when India emerged as the most populous country in 2023 (China: 1422 million; India: 1438 million, WPP, 2024). As per the estimate of WPP, 2024, India will continue to remain the most populous country for the rest of this century
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